The Speaking Classroom
Speaking time improves when the task contains a genuine gap, a visible outcome, and language support that learners can reach without interrupting every sentence. Noise is not automatically learning, but silence is a suspiciously poor speaking activity. These activities specify what each learner knows, what each learner needs, and how the teacher can monitor without becoming a third person in every pair.

The Speaking Classroom
Information Gap Activities: 5 Classroom-Ready Ideas
An information gap activity gives partners different pieces of information and a shared outcome they can reach only by communicating.